自然人直接持股

Direct shareholding by natural persons

創業之初，自然人往往以獨立個體形式進行投資并進行工商登記，股權比例也較為多樣化，尚未形成有效的絕對多數控股權。或為后續公司上市考慮，自然人出售股票免征個人所得稅。總之，以自然人為主體進行直接控股往往出現在中小企業中，一旦公司規模擴大，為規避個體風險，多數投資人將引入或變更其他投資主體。

At the beginning of entrepreneurship, natural persons often invest and register for business as independent individuals, and their equity ratios are also relatively diversified, without forming effective absolute multi CNC equity. Alternatively, for the consideration of subsequent company listings, the sale of stocks by natural persons may be exempt from personal income tax. In short, direct control by natural persons often occurs in small and medium-sized enterprises. Once the company expands in size, in order to avoid individual risks, most investors will introduce or change other investment entities.

有限責任公司持股

Limited liability company shareholding

年《公司法》修訂將注冊資本實繳制改為認繳制度，且取消了驗資報告，使得設立公司更加便捷。投資人通過設立多層有限責任公司來持股最終目標公司的股權，既可以通過股權穿透獲得目標公司的營利，又可以在目標公司發生債務糾紛時有效隔絕風險。

The revision of the Company Law in changed the paid in system of registered capital to the subscribed system, and abolished the capital verification report, making it more convenient to establish a company. Investors can establish multiple limited liability companies to hold the equity of the ultimate target company, which can not only achieve profitability through equity penetration, but also effectively isolate risks in the event of debt disputes in the target company.

合伙企業持股

Partnership enterprise shareholding

合伙企業分為有限合伙企業和普通合伙企業，合伙企業持股的優勢在于能夠在合伙協議中自由約定管理權和利益的分配模式；其次，因普通合伙人對企業債務承擔無限連帶責任，有限合伙人對企業債務承擔有限責任，投資人可通過此種方式避免被企業債務所累；同時有限合伙企業能更好地進行“錢權分離”，投資人在利用股權激勵員工的同時避免了公司控制權被削弱。

Partnership enterprises are divided into limited partnership enterprises and general partnership enterprises. The advantage of holding shares in partnership enterprises is that they can freely agree on the distribution mode of management rights and interests in the partnership agreement; Secondly, as general partners bear unlimited joint and several liability for corporate debt, limited partners bear limited liability for corporate debt, and investors can avoid being burdened by corporate debt through this approach; At the same time, limited partnership enterprises can better achieve "separation of money and rights", and investors can use equity to motivate employees while avoiding the weakening of company control.

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