股權(quán)激勵(lì)，簡(jiǎn)單來(lái)說(shuō)，就是讓員工持有公司股票或股票期權(quán)，使其利益與公司利益緊密相連。員工成為公司的利益共同體后，會(huì)更積極主動(dòng)地為公司的發(fā)展貢獻(xiàn)力量。這種激勵(lì)方式在高科技企業(yè)、創(chuàng)業(yè)公司等高成長(zhǎng)性行業(yè)應(yīng)用廣泛，因?yàn)檫@些行業(yè)對(duì)人才和創(chuàng)新的依賴度極高。通過(guò)股權(quán)激勵(lì)，企業(yè)能夠吸引和留住優(yōu)秀人才，提高員工工作積極性和創(chuàng)新能力，進(jìn)而增強(qiáng)企業(yè)核心競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力。同時(shí)，員工歸屬感和忠誠(chéng)度的提升，也有助于降低企業(yè)管理成本。

Equity incentive, in simple terms, is to allow employees to hold company stocks or stock options, so that their interests are closely linked to the interests of the company. After becoming a community of shared interests in the company, employees will be more proactive in contributing to the company's development. This incentive method is widely used in high growth industries such as high-tech enterprises and start-up companies, as these industries rely heavily on talent and innovation. Through equity incentives, enterprises can attract and retain outstanding talents, improve employee work enthusiasm and innovation ability, and thereby enhance the core competitiveness of the enterprise. At the same time, the improvement of employees' sense of belonging and loyalty also helps to reduce the management costs of the enterprise.

限制性股票是山東企業(yè)常用的激勵(lì)手段。公司將一定數(shù)量的股票贈(zèng)送給或以低價(jià)出售給員工，但這些股票在一定期限內(nèi)不能上市流通或轉(zhuǎn)讓。山東一家傳統(tǒng)制造業(yè)企業(yè)，為了推動(dòng)企業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型升級(jí)，對(duì)研發(fā)團(tuán)隊(duì)實(shí)施了限制性股票激勵(lì)。研發(fā)人員為了使手中的限制性股票能夠增值，全身心投入到新技術(shù)研發(fā)中，成功幫助企業(yè)推出了一系列高附加值產(chǎn)品，企業(yè)業(yè)績(jī)顯著提升，員工手中的股票價(jià)值也水漲船高。

Restricted stocks are a commonly used incentive tool for Shandong enterprises. The company gives or sells a certain number of stocks to employees at a low price, but these stocks cannot be listed, traded or transferred for a certain period of time. A traditional manufacturing enterprise in Shandong has implemented restricted stock incentives for its R&D team in order to promote transformation and upgrading. In order to increase the value of their restricted stocks, R&D personnel devoted themselves wholeheartedly to new technology research and development, successfully helping the company launch a series of high value-added products. The company's performance significantly improved, and the value of the stocks held by employees also skyrocketed.

虛擬股票和股票增值權(quán)同樣在山東企業(yè)的股權(quán)激勵(lì)實(shí)踐中有所應(yīng)用。虛擬股票讓員工享受分紅權(quán)和增值權(quán)，卻不改變公司股權(quán)結(jié)構(gòu)；股票增值權(quán)則使員工獲得股票價(jià)值增值部分，激勵(lì)員工關(guān)注公司業(yè)績(jī)表現(xiàn)。例如，山東某服務(wù)型企業(yè)采用虛擬股票激勵(lì)方式，在不影響原有股權(quán)結(jié)構(gòu)的基礎(chǔ)上，有效調(diào)動(dòng)了員工積極性，企業(yè)服務(wù)質(zhì)量大幅提升，客戶滿意度增加，企業(yè)利潤(rùn)持續(xù)增長(zhǎng)。?

Virtual stocks and stock appreciation rights have also been applied in the equity incentive practices of Shandong enterprises. Virtual stocks allow employees to enjoy dividend and appreciation rights without changing the company's equity structure; The stock appreciation right allows employees to receive a portion of the stock's value appreciation, motivating them to pay attention to the company's performance. For example, a service-oriented enterprise in Shandong Province adopted virtual stock incentive methods, which effectively mobilized employee enthusiasm without affecting the original equity structure, significantly improved the quality of enterprise services, increased customer satisfaction, and sustained profit growth. ?

為了更好地推動(dòng)股權(quán)激勵(lì)，山東省政府也出臺(tái)了一系列政策。如省國(guó)資委制定的相關(guān)意見(jiàn)，對(duì)授予條件、激勵(lì)方式等進(jìn)行完善。在授予條件上，突出 “寬進(jìn)嚴(yán)出”，適當(dāng)放寬授予業(yè)績(jī)條件，不再將歷史業(yè)績(jī)水平作為實(shí)施激勵(lì)的先決條件，而是更注重企業(yè)未來(lái)的高質(zhì)量發(fā)展；同時(shí)，嚴(yán)控行權(quán)條件，要求上市公司業(yè)績(jī)?cè)鲩L(zhǎng)和激勵(lì)對(duì)象個(gè)人績(jī)效提高都要達(dá)到相應(yīng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。在激勵(lì)方式上，增加了股票增值權(quán)，并鼓勵(lì) H 股上市公司優(yōu)先使用該方式。對(duì)于科創(chuàng)板上市公司，更是給予額外支持，提高授予權(quán)益份額，放寬限制性股票授予價(jià)格，允許尚未盈利的科創(chuàng)板上市公司實(shí)施股權(quán)激勵(lì)，提高股權(quán)激勵(lì)收益水平，打破激勵(lì)對(duì)象實(shí)際收益上限。

In order to better promote equity incentives, the Shandong Provincial Government has also introduced a series of policies. According to the relevant opinions formulated by the Provincial State owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission, the conditions for granting and incentive methods should be improved. In terms of granting conditions, highlight the principle of "lenient entry and strict exit", appropriately relax the granting performance conditions, no longer use historical performance level as a prerequisite for implementing incentives, but pay more attention to the high-quality development of the enterprise in the future; At the same time, strict control of exercise conditions is required, requiring listed companies to meet corresponding standards for performance growth and individual performance improvement of incentive targets. In terms of incentive methods, stock appreciation rights have been added, and H-share listed companies are encouraged to prioritize the use of this method. For companies listed on the Science and Technology Innovation Board, additional support is provided by increasing the grant of equity shares, relaxing restricted stock grant prices, allowing companies listed on the board that have not yet made profits to implement equity incentives, increasing the level of equity incentive returns, and breaking the actual upper limit of incentive targets' returns.

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